🇳🇱 Netherlands · Citizenship
Naturalization and citizenship-by-investment: residence years, language and civics tests, dual-citizenship rules, and multi-passport planning.
Dutch citizenship by naturalisation generally requires at least five years' continuous, lawful residence (less for spouses/partners of Dutch nationals), passing the civic integration exam, and good conduct. The Netherlands restricts dual nationality — most naturalising adults must give up their original nationality, though several exceptions apply. The IND assesses applications.
- Usually five years' continuous, lawful residence (shorter for spouses/partners of Dutch nationals).
- Pass the civic integration exam and meet good-conduct requirements.
- Dual nationality is restricted — most must renounce their original nationality, with exceptions.
Official authorities
- Dutch citizenship (IND)
Official naturalisation guide.
Official-information aggregation, not legal advice. Always verify on the authority's own site.